A Brief Description of the Functions of Each Type of High-Voltage Panel

A Brief Description of the Functions of Each Type of High-Voltage Panel

1. Power Incoming Panel: This panel receives the main power supply (main incoming panel), housing the main circuit breaker.

2. Outgoing Panel: This panel houses the outgoing switchgear for the distribution system, housing downstream electrical equipment.

3. Metering Panel: This panel measures and records the amount of electricity supplied. Simply put, it’s a meter used for billing. (It houses PTs, CTs, and a watt-hour meter.)

4. Bus Tie Panel: When a system has two incoming power lines, each serving as a backup, the main busbars of the two power sources need to be interconnected. The switchgear connecting the two busbars is called a bus tie panel. Note: The bus tie panel and the two incoming line panels should generally not be closed simultaneously.

5. PT Panel: Installs metering devices and instrument transformers.

6. Capacitor Panel: This is a capacitor panel typically connected to the system’s main busbars, providing centralized reactive power compensation. It is typically installed alongside the incoming line panel. (Systems with PT panels are high-voltage systems; low-voltage systems do not have PT panels. A PT panel is equivalent to a step-down transformer, requiring only low-voltage current transformers. However, capacitor panels are rarely used in high-voltage systems, as high-voltage capacitors are difficult to manufacture. They are typically used for centralized compensation on the low-voltage side.)

7. Interconnector Cabinet: Functions of Interconnector Cabinets:

7.1. Interconnector cabinets are used to connect rows of low-voltage cabinets connected to several transformers. This means that if one transformer fails, another can be used to power the remaining rows.

7.2. Under normal operating conditions, the interconnector is disconnected, and the two transformers operate independently. If one transformer fails, its main circuit breaker is disconnected, the interconnector switch is closed, and the load power supply is then provided by the other transformer.

8. Ring Main Unit (Switch Cabinet): Ring Main Unit (RMU) is a commonly used term, originally referring to load switch cabinets used in ring main power supply systems. It is now often used as a synonym for load switch cabinets, regardless of whether they are used in ring main power supply systems.

9. Battery Cabinet: Equivalent to batteries, it stores power. Battery cabinets have two functions: 1. Serving as a backup operating power source; 2. Serving as the primary power source for closing circuit breakers. Closing a switch requires a very high current, which the closing coil cannot meet with a rectifier circuit. However, batteries, with their ability to allow for short, high-current discharges, compensate for the rectifier circuit’s shortcomings, ensuring reliable operation of the closing circuit.

10. DC Panel (Charging Panel): Converts AC power to DC. Components: Charging Cabinet – Charging Module – Monitoring Module – Battery Pack

11. Frequency Converter Cabinet: A conventional power cabinet or control cabinet is converted from a traditional drive system to a frequency converter drive system. In short, it is a control cabinet that uses a frequency converter to drive the power unit.

12. High-Voltage Switchgear:

13. Center Cabinet: This stands for Armored Removable Center Metal-Enclosed Switchgear. It has a three-tier structure: Upper: Busbar and Instrumentation Compartment; Middle: Circuit Breaker Compartment; Lower: Cable Compartment. Because the circuit breaker is located in the middle tier, it is called Armored Removable Center Metal-Enclosed Switchgear, or simply Center Cabinet.

14. Power cabinet: In terms of function, it is a cabinet that provides power for rotating machines such as water pumps and generators.